Skin cancer is the most common form of cancer. Most cases are highly treatable when found early. Ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun and tanning devices is the main preventable risk factor.
Main types
- Basal cell carcinoma – most common; usually slow-growing
- Squamous cell carcinoma – can grow faster and occasionally spread
- Melanoma – less common but more likely to spread if not treated early
Warning signs (ABCDE for melanoma)
- Asymmetry – one half unlike the other
- Border – irregular, scalloped, or poorly defined
- Color – varied shades of brown, black, or other colors
- Diameter – often larger than 6 mm (pencil eraser), though melanomas can be smaller
- Evolving – changing in size, shape, color, or symptoms (itching, bleeding)
Also watch for sores that do not heal, new growths, or spots that look different from others on your skin (“ugly duckling” sign).
Prevention
- Seek shade, especially midday
- Wear protective clothing, a wide-brimmed hat, and UV-blocking sunglasses
- Use broad-spectrum sunscreen (SPF 30 or higher) and reapply regularly
- Avoid indoor tanning
- Perform regular skin self-exams and see a dermatologist for suspicious spots
Important: Any changing, new, or unusual spot should be checked by a dermatologist promptly. Early detection saves lives.
Disclaimer: Educational information only. Not a substitute for professional evaluation.
References
- American Academy of Dermatology. Skin cancer. aad.org
- American Academy of Dermatology. How to select a sunscreen.
- Skin Cancer Foundation. Prevention and early detection guidelines.